Photopolymer fillings

WHAT photopolymer fillings? Photopolymer fillings - modern and one of the most convenient ways to restore the hard tooth tissues using photopolymer materials. Light-curing composites or fotoplomby harden in the tooth cavity only when exposed to light of a specific wavelength emitted by a special lamp. This property gives them the opportunity to work the doctor slowly and with a creative approach. In addition, light-curing composites produced by different color and transparency: opaque have to hide dark dental tissues or metal; there are translucent and transparent replacement tooth tissues - dentin and enamel. What materials harden when exposed to light, is both their advantage and a disadvantage, because in the process of work in fillings that there was considerable stress, and as such seals very well connected with dental tissues in the tooth may crack and even broke off a walls. Currently, the technology of filling large cavities while using materials of chemical and light curing, which allows maximum use of their advantages and disadvantages to neutralize them. The operating principle of this method is associated with a unique feature of hardening material and fill them with all the cavity under the influence of a special UV light. It has high strength and long service life (up to 5-7 years with proper care). In the resulting mixture consists of a light-cured resin and bulking. The risk that the installed photopolymer fillings fall or collapse, just minimal, although there is a possibility of occurrence of small cracks in the process of eating and a variety of other circumstances. All functions of the teeth after installing considered fillings restored. Sensation such as in the presence of healthy roots. Value Photopolymer seal allows the entire conduct restoration of the destroyed tooth to change its length, shape. Color also can be made lighter, giving it a transparent shade if desired. This type of seal allows the reconstruction of the so-called adhesive bridge (ie completely lost tooth), produce splinting teeth (elimination shakiness), to recover the missing tooth, having practically only root. Also important is the fact that dental tissue is formed in a chemical bond level. Photopolymers are not inferior to natural teeth by parameters such as opacity, high resistance to wear (the mechanical strength of the seal quite high, ranging from 350 to 380 MPa), and thermal expansion. To fix the photopolymer seal, it is not necessary to remove healthy tooth. After the procedure Within 1-1.5 hours not consume any food; From any coloring products for a while best avoided (here also include the use of colored toothpaste or lipstick). Sealing technique using light-cured composite materials is the most modern. Light-curing composites or fotoplomby - to harden the tooth cavity is exposed to light of a specific wavelength emitted by a special ultra-violet lamp. The formation of such fillings performed gradually, in layers. This must be done in order to avoid cracking due to accelerated light-curing. In order to increase the adhesion of the filling material to the tooth, prior to installing the light seal tooth fill all micro systems or adhesive special insulating spacers. Light curing composite fillings have the following advantages: It is possible to more accurately reconstruct the shape and topography of even heavily damaged tooth. Svetokompozity in the structure have a special adhesive system that combines seal and tooth into one. Material when cured provides a solid structure of seal forms the most reliable connection with enamel has excellent durability and resistance to cracking. It is possible to achieve the desired cosmetic effect, choosing the desired hue fillings. The seal consists of several layers that mimic natural tooth structure. Performed correctly, tooth fillings treatment to see with the naked eye is difficult. Gentle preparation of cavities and dental tissue defects. Strong bond composite to enamel and dentin can remove only the damaged tooth tissue. Possibility of correction adhesive seal in the case of the bundle, complete cleavage without replacing it Composites - multicomponent materials, the combination of dissimilar materials in which a variation in the ratio leads to the creation of a new material with a desired set of properties. Composites consist of an inorganic material and an organic binder weight. In modern dentistry apply flowable composites, chemical composites fotokompozity. Flowable composites are used to fill small cavities, repair small defects restoration. Such a polymer does not stick to instruments does not follow from the cavity is combined with other materials, in addition, it is strong and durable material. Chemical composites, i.e. composites curing, as the name implies, harden by chemical reaction occurring between the main pasta and pasta - catalyst. These materials are solid, not dissolved by saliva, solidified uniformly throughout the volume of the seal, and have low shrinkage, that it causes no stress, and therefore reduces the likelihood of the split seal. The disadvantages of these materials should include a limited color scale, fast curing time (that prevents the doctor simulate beautiful seal); oxidation, which can cause tooth loss reuse; bad, but only in comparison with the light-cured composites, adhesion to tooth structure. Chemical used for composite fillings in posterior teeth and wisdom teeth. Before applying a chemical composite dentist etches the enamel covers a cavity Bond and puts the seal. Chemical composite necessarily polished or it changes color. Fotokompozit - one of the most advanced to date dental materials and one of the most expensive. Light curing composites or fotoplomby harden in the cavity of the tooth under the influence of only a light beam of a certain wavelength. Successful treatment depends not only on the materials used, but also on compliance technology caries. Layering technology gives the physician the opportunity to pick up the seal in the color of the tooth. First applied to the adhesive layer - a material which, as it sticks to the surface of the seal from the inside of the hollow and does not allow a gap between them. Naturally, this improves the stability of the seal. Once the dentist gets adhesive on the thin layer of the tooth restorative material which then is cured under irradiation using a special lamp. And so, in layers, hue to hue, built up the whole seal. The doctor on the formation of a seal is not a few seconds until mixed material hardens, and plenty of time - filling hardens only when it shines a special lamp. In the creation of tooth structure light-curing composites can perform various functions, dentin, the masking agent for discolored teeth or metal pins, etc. In the final, the top layer is selected more transparent composite for reconstruction of the tooth enamel. High cosmetic effect on the face - the texture and color of the seal perfectly mimic the features of tooth tissue. These seals are quite hard, reliable, almost erased, are stable with respect to the composition of the medium in the mouth and keep their color. The latter, however, requires effort: is achieved by careful grinding and polishing - it is recommended every six months, otherwise the color will begin to be lost. With the help of light-curing seal perfectly restored though a front tooth, though the side, although the molar - seal looks flawless. After some time, the dentist sometimes he can not immediately determine where he set the seal. The disadvantages include the fact that light-curing composites have polymerization shrinkage (2-5%). The degree of shrinkage and strength of the filling material composition affect the seal, the polymerization rate and the light intensity, the geometry and dimensions of the cavity. When filling the polymerization can decrease in volume, which leads to the filling material microtraumas, tearing it from the tooth surface. Also, as a result of shrinkage and deformation of the seal, there is tension between the walls of the tooth and, if a wall is thinner in the tooth crack appears, on which he subsequently chipped. Shrinkage of the filling material is compensated by the strict observance of technology and instructions for use of this material. Manufacturers are trying to solve this problem by introducing a composite structure, various additives: particles of ceramics, glass, but still completely get rid of shrinkage fails. And the more the size of the seal, the more insertion portion of the composite, the more polymerization shrinkage in it. If the tooth is destroyed by half or more, the more reliable to restore tab or cover the crown, and not filling material. Average lifetime light-curing seal about 5 years, however, guarantee the clinic give a year or two. Currently, the technology of filling large cavities while using materials of chemical and light curing, which allows maximum use of their advantages and disadvantages to neutralize them. Cement seals (powder + liquid). They also counteract the formation of "secondary caries", but short-lived because of the fragility of the material. Composites and Plastics chemical rejection - a vast group of restorative materials, came to the place cement fillings. Unlike composites of plastics is mainly in the filler content (usually porcelain). Can be divided akrilsoderzhaschie composites, composites based on epoxy resins and light-curing composites. Akrilsoderzhaschie Composites - very strong, "fracture", is very resistant to abrasion, but very toxic, and have a lot of pores formed in the polymerization. Putting them on a healthy tooth, you can easily get pulp (nerve inflammation). Also quite often develop secondary caries (including the teeth, which is adjacent to the seal). Composites based on epoxy resins - more durable to abrasion, but fragile. Clearly, they are better acrylic resins are less toxic. But after a few years these composites darken. Svetokompozity (light-curing, they are the same photopolymer, they also geliootverzhdaemye composites) - the most popular in our country, material for stopping teeth. This mixture of polymer and filler which hardens under the influence of the blue light emitted by the special lamp. They are beautiful, durable, hardened control allows the doctor to do the tooth as much time as needed and without haste. In addition, they have an extensive range of colors (you can reproduce the color and transparency of almost all layers of the tooth), fine polishing (ie polished seal on shine no different from the enamel) and sufficient durability. Today we can talk about five-seven years of impeccable service. Their main problem is the shrinkage and marginal adaptation. Therefore, they are unsuitable for closing large defects and can not serve as a replacement prosthesis. Unfortunately, for all the positive qualities of modern light-curing materials they have three major shortcomings: 1. Shrinkage during polymerization (or svetootverdenii). This disadvantage is laid to the chemistry of these materials. At the moment when the seal starts to solidify, it contracts in volume, i.e. Shrinkage occurs. The degree of shrinkage varies from 5% to 0.8%, this leads to the fact that the seal is detached from the walls of the tooth. However, invented several ways to combat this drawback, but they are not always effective, and sometimes technically feasible. And if the size of the seal is not great, there is no problem, but if the seal is large, the risk of separation seals and caries beneath it grows with the size of the seal. 2. Second problem is the continuation of the first, since shrinkage leads to the appearance of internal deformation in the seal itself, resulting in thin walls break away. 3. Lack of polymerization (or hardening) of the seal. The fact that the light curing light hardens in the mouth seal (or polymerize) only 60-70%. Suffers seal strength and color stability. If any seal could simply be heated to 100 degrees for 15 minutes, then it would increase the strength of several times. This principle is just lies in the technology of tabs from the light-curing composite materials.